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Acute rheumatic fever
Acute rheumatic fever
ACUTE rheumatic fever
Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a non-purulent complication that occurs 2-4 weeks after streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis.
Streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis (hereinafter referred to as GABHS-pharyngitis) is an acute infectious disease affecting the lymphoid apparatus and the mucous membrane of the pharynx.
Of particular danger are the complications of GABHS-pharyngitis, which are divided into:
- early (purulent), developing on the 4-6th day from the onset of the disease - otitis media, sinusitis, paratonsillar abscess, cervical lymphadenitis, pneumonia, etc.;
- late (non-purulent) - acute rheumatic fever, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, toxic shock.
Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease are called diseases of poverty and economic disadvantage. Complications caused by GABHS are the leading cause of death from cardiovascular diseases in people under the age of 50 living in developing countries. ARF can occur at any age.
Worldwide, there are about 470,000 new cases of ARF and 275,000 deaths each year associated with rheumatic heart disease.
ARF is most common in children aged 5 to 15 years. ARF develops in 0.5-3% of cases if GABHS-pharyngitis is not treated.
SYMPTOMS
The reasons for the development of ARF are not fully defined, but the role of GABHS in this process is obvious: ARF occurs only after GABHS-pharyngitis or scarlet fever with concomitant pharyngitis and does not occur after infections of the skin and soft tissues. This is thought to be due to different immune responses to skin and pharyngeal infections, as well as a lack of rheumatogenic potential in strains that cause skin infections.
TREATMENT
Eradication of GABHS infection is necessary regardless of whether there are signs of pharyngitis. Antibacterial therapy is carried out similarly to therapy for acute tonsillopharyngitis.
Symptomatic therapy:
- arthritis - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to relieve pain and prevent the involvement of new joints in the process;
- carditis - treatment is carried out only with the development of heart failure;
- chorea - usually does not require treatment, but sometimes it may be necessary to prescribe antipsychotics, anticonvulsants;
- erythema and subcutaneous nodules - no treatment is carried out.
You can safely start treatment, which we carry out as quickly and efficiently as possible in Tashkent. Gatling Med Clinic will make you feel confident in yourself and in your health!
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