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Papillomas of the anus: diagnosis. Care. Prevention
Papillomas of the anus: diagnosis. Care. Prevention
Papillomas of the anus are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is a widespread disease, according to various sources, from 70 to 90% of people carry this infection in themselves. However, in most cases, the virus "sleeps", and is activated when immunity decreases. It was then that the active growth of papillomas occurs.
In the perianal region, HPV manifests itself in the form of genital warts, which usually also affect the human genitals. Quite often condylomas are injured, bleed. The virus can be transmitted with blood from damaged genital warts.
In most patients, papillomas and condylomas in the anus are accompanied by the following clinical manifestations:
- burning and itching;
- painful and unpleasant sensations during bowel movements;
- sensation of a foreign body;
- discomfort while walking or playing sports;
- unpleasant smell;
- feeling of constant moisture in the anus.
Diagnostics
Papillomas and condylomas have a characteristic appearance, therefore, during a visual examination, the doctor can already make an accurate diagnosis, however, examination alone is not enough to obtain objective information about the patient's health status. That is why the diagnostic program includes other methods, including:
- digital examination of the rectum;
- sigmoidoscopy
- anoscopy
- biopsy followed by histological examination;
- PCR for human papillomavirus, etc.
Diagnosis and treatment of papillomas and condylomas of the anus is handled by a proctologist
Complications
Pointed papillomas in the anus are prone to recurrence both after conservative treatment with various drugs, and after their surgical removal.
Cases of the development of squamous cell carcinoma are described, more often this was noted in the presence of giant condylomas (Buschke-Levenshtein tumor) and especially when condylomas spread to the anal canal. This circumstance dictates the need for a thorough examination of patients before and during surgery to determine the nature and extent of the process and histological examination of removed condylomas.
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